If no argument is specified, an empty deque object is created. Measure execution time with timeit in Python.If you want to determine which one to use in a specific environment or condition, consider measuring actual processing time using the timeit module. In most cases, using list is sufficient unless you need to reduce processing time at the millisecond level. However, the difference in processing speed between list and deque is usually not noticeable when dealing with a few hundred or a few thousand elements, depending on the environment and conditions. It's recommended to use deque when you specifically want to handle data as a queue, stack, or deque. If you frequently access elements in the middle -> use list.If you want to add, delete, and access elements only at both ends -> use deque.For fast random access, use lists instead. Indexed access is O(1) at both ends but slows to O(n) in the middle. Though list objects support similar operations, they are optimized for fast fixed-length operations and incur O(n) memory movement costs for pop(0) and insert(0, v) operations which change both the size and position of the underlying data representation.Ĭollections - deque objects - Container datatypes - Python 3.9.7 documentationĪccessing elements in the middle with is faster in list: This is also mentioned in the official documentation.ĭeques support thread-safe, memory efficient appends and pops from either side of the deque with approximately the same O(1) performance in either direction. However, in deque, methods like append(), appendleft(), pop(), and popleft() for adding and removing the first and last elements all have O(1) time complexity. In list, operations such as pop(0) (remove and return the first element) and insert(0, v) (add an element to the head) require O(n) time complexity. Official Python Wiki provides the complexity of various list and deque operations. Sponsored Link Complexity of list and que Remove an item from a list in Python (clear, pop, remove, del).Add an item to a list in Python (append, extend, insert).See the following article about adding and removing elements for list. Use deque as a deque (double-ended queue).Remove an element: pop(), popleft(), remove(), clear().Add an element: append(), appendleft(), extend(), extendleft(), insert().This article describes the following contents. However, note that accessing elements in the middle of a deque is slower compared to a list. While it is possible to use the built-in list as a queue, stack, or deque, que offers better performance since adding or deleting the first element in a list is slower. collections - deque objects - Container datatypes - Python 3.11.2 documentation.In Python, you can use que to efficiently handle data as a queue, stack, and deque (double-ended queue, head-tail linked list).
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